Oral cancer occurs in the tissues of the mouth or throat. This is head and neck cancer which is a large group of cancers. This includes cancers of the lips, cheeks, tongue, lower part of the mouth, hard and soft palate, sinuses, and throat. If they are not treated at the right time, they can be fatal.
Mouth cancer is very common now and if it is detected early then it is also possible to treat it easily. If you visit the dentist regularly, they will usually detect oral cancer in its early stages.
Men have twice the risk of getting oral cancer than women. Men over the age of 50 are also most at risk. Smoking and tobacco use are the main causes of oral cancer.
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Oral cancer status in India
In India, 20 out of every one lakh people suffer from oral cancer which accounts for 30% of all cancers. Mouth cancer also causes deaths every day in India.
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How to diagnose oral cancer yourself
You yourself can stand in front of the mirror and look inside your mouth. If you notice any sores, blisters, lumps or any unusual changes that are not getting better after a few weeks or even after getting treatment, then contact the doctor immediately. The doctor can check whether it is the beginning of oral cancer or not.
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What are the symptoms of oral cancer?
Non-healing blister – A mouth ulcer that is not healing can be a symptom of oral cancer
Mouth patches – velvety white, red or patchy patches in the mouth
Wounds that are not healing – Sores on the face, neck or mouth and they do not heal within 2 weeks can be a hallmark of cancer.
Mouth pain – pain or discomfort in the mouth that does not get better
Weight loss – Unexplained weight loss can be a sign of cancer
General changes in the mouth – swelling, lumps, spots on the lips, gums, or other areas of the mouth
Developing a crust or erosion, bleeding – unexplained bleeding from the mouth
pain or numbness–unexplained numbness, loss of feeling, or pain/tenderness in any part of the face, mouth, neck, or ear
a rash as if something is stuck in the back of the throat
Difficulty chewing or swallowing, speaking, or moving the jaw or tongue
nervousness and voice changes
denture misalignment
lump in neck
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How is oral cancer caused?
Oral cancer occurs when there is a mutation in the DNA of the cells of the mouth. Mutations cause abnormal cells to grow and divide. A tumor is formed when abnormal cells accumulate. This is oral cancer.
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Factors that increase the risk of oral cancer
- Cigarettes, cigars, gutka and tobacco of any kind
- excessive drinking
- a sexually transmitted virus called human papillomavirus (HPV)
- Weak immune system etc.
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Oral cancer prevention tips
Do not smoke or drink alcohol, cigarettes, bidis or any tobacco products.
Take a good and balanced diet.
- Avoid exposure to excessive sunlight.
- Adopt a balanced lifestyle.
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What are the types of oral cancer?
Oral cancer includes the following types of cancers:
- Lip cancer
- Tongue Cancer
- Cheek Cancer
- Gum Cancer
- Cancer of the floor of the mouth (under the tongue)
- Cancer of the hard and soft palate
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